Os02g0229800


Top 300 coexpressed genes (in field leaf samples)

MR Cor OsID description
1.0 1.00 Os02g0229800 Conserved hypothetical protein.
4.0 0.90 Os04g0443300 Similar to Endo-1,4-beta-glucanase precursor.
6.7 0.88 Os08g0472400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
6.8 0.85 Os11g0701100 Similar to Class III chitinase homologue (OsChib3H-h) (Fragment).
8.7 0.89 Os01g0341000 TMP repeat containing protein.
9.2 0.86 Os05g0187500 IQ calmodulin-binding region domain containing protein.
9.8 0.89 Os05g0113200 Hypothetical protein.
10.6 0.88 Os03g0188000 Conserved hypothetical protein.
12.0 0.85 Os08g0437300
12.3 0.88 Os06g0678100 Conserved hypothetical protein.
13.4 0.88 Os01g0229800 Purine and other phosphorylases, family 1 protein.
13.7 0.85 Os10g0403000 Cytochrome P450 78A11.
14.7 0.88 Os02g0774700 Hypothetical protein.
15.1 0.82 Os11g0291900 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
17.0 0.86 Os06g0165600 CRT/DRE binding factor (Transcription factor RCBF4).
18.7 0.85 Os01g0355800 Alpha/beta hydrolase family protein.
19.3 0.82 Os01g0240900 Peptidase C1A, papain family protein.
21.9 0.85 Os09g0536300 Similar to Thaumatin-like protein.
22.1 0.87 Os07g0648700 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
22.5 0.87 Os09g0521000 FAE1/Type III polyketide synthase-like protein domain containing protein.
23.7 0.86 Os01g0860700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
24.0 0.78 Os03g0280800 UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.35).
24.2 0.86 Os03g0436600 Leucine rich repeat, N-terminal domain containing protein.
24.4 0.82 Os04g0417400 U box domain containing protein.
24.5 0.72 Os02g0831500 Similar to Sucrose synthase.
25.9 0.87 Os09g0269400 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
26.1 0.84 Os01g0135400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
26.5 0.85 Os03g0778400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
26.7 0.76 Os04g0168400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
26.8 0.83 Os01g0604600 Carbohydrate kinase, FGGY family protein.
26.9 0.85 Os01g0267100 MT-A70 family protein.
29.5 0.62 Os11g0461300 UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferase family protein.
29.5 0.86 Os03g0336900 Protein of unknown function DUF623, plant domain containing protein.
29.6 0.62 Os11g0533400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
29.7 0.85 Os03g0652000 C2 domain containing protein.
29.9 0.83 Os05g0421100 Protein of unknown function DUF538 family protein.
30.8 0.83 Os02g0240500 Similar to Class III peroxidase GvPx2b (Fragment).
30.9 0.66 Os03g0216500 Conserved hypothetical protein.
31.9 0.76 Os02g0621300 Sterol desaturase family protein.
32.3 0.65 Os08g0557300 Protein of unknown function DUF868, plant family protein.
33.8 0.73 Os07g0174900 Plant lipid transfer protein/Par allergen family protein.
34.5 0.85 Os11g0131100 VQ domain containing protein.
36.2 0.85 Os05g0272300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
36.9 0.76 Os11g0215300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
36.9 0.84 Os10g0140700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
37.0 0.83 Os10g0175500 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
37.2 0.78 Os11g0557700 SAM (and some other nucleotide) binding motif domain containing protein.
37.9 0.82 Os03g0729600 Conserved hypothetical protein.
39.2 0.82 Os03g0242300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
39.4 0.83 Os05g0458300 Similar to Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2).
40.9 0.84 Os03g0141900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
41.0 0.82 Os01g0891100 Similar to Polygalacturonase C (Fragment).
41.3 0.82 Os02g0710700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
42.0 0.80 Os01g0633500 Similar to NADPH-dependent reductase A1 (Fragment).
42.3 0.81 Os08g0381600 Similar to Alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor (Antifungal protein).
42.4 0.84 Os07g0561500 Glucose/ribitol dehydrogenase family protein.
42.6 0.78 Os09g0103800 Peptidylprolyl isomerase, FKBP-type domain containing protein.
42.9 0.80 Os10g0578700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
43.5 0.81 Os11g0106000 Hypothetical protein.
43.8 0.85 Os05g0214800 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
44.5 0.79 Os06g0343900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
45.5 0.75 Os06g0138500 Conserved hypothetical protein.
45.6 0.81 Os05g0399300 Similar to Seed chitinase-c.
46.2 0.84 Os02g0824100 Cytochrome P450 family protein.
46.7 0.77 Os07g0104600 Haem peroxidase, plant/fungal/bacterial family protein.
48.1 0.83 Os06g0476100 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
48.7 0.81 Os07g0277400 FBD domain containing protein.
48.8 0.83 Os03g0750500 Conserved hypothetical protein.
49.0 0.84 Os12g0613600 Remorin, C-terminal region domain containing protein.
49.1 0.84 Os07g0112400 3'-5' exonuclease domain containing protein.
49.5 0.74 Os02g0744800 Conserved hypothetical protein.
49.6 0.85 Os04g0679000 Similar to Sorbitol transporter.
49.9 0.80 Os08g0564300 ABC transporter, transmembrane region domain containing protein.
51.1 0.83 Os11g0537800 Conserved hypothetical protein.
51.8 0.80 Os10g0413400 Similar to Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 6 (EC 2.3.1.15) (AtGPAT6).
52.8 0.76 Os08g0293300 Disease resistance protein family protein.
53.2 0.81 Os06g0494700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
54.1 0.81 Os04g0255500
54.7 0.84 Os02g0225900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
55.1 0.77 Os12g0284800 Hypothetical protein.
55.2 0.71 Os01g0668900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
55.9 0.83 Os01g0694800 Conserved hypothetical protein.
56.3 0.84 Os06g0226100 Glutaredoxin domain containing protein.
56.5 0.79 Os07g0573900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
57.1 0.79 Os01g0323400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
57.1 0.83 Os12g0107600 Prenylated rab acceptor PRA1 family protein.
57.7 0.73 Os12g0199800 Cytochrome P450 family protein.
57.8 0.79 Os09g0543400 Similar to Ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17).
59.1 0.81 Os06g0184200 Conserved hypothetical protein.
59.4 0.84 Os05g0391000 Conserved hypothetical protein.
59.7 0.79 Os07g0236300 Non-protein coding transcript, putative npRNA.
60.1 0.75 Os06g0223000 Syntaxin, N-terminal domain containing protein.
60.2 0.78 Os02g0579300 Similar to Transcription repressor MYB4 (Myb-related protein 4) (AtMYB4).
61.2 0.75 Os07g0107500 Plant disease resistance response protein family protein.
62.3 0.78 Os03g0650200 Cytochrome P450 family protein.
62.4 0.82 Os06g0647600 Conserved hypothetical protein.
62.6 0.81 Os10g0542100 Plant EC metallothionein-like protein, family 15 protein.
62.9 0.49 Os11g0470600 Conserved hypothetical protein.
62.9 0.61 Os04g0624400 Tyrosinase family protein.
63.1 0.82 Os12g0177900 Aldehyde dehydrogenase domain containing protein.
63.1 0.78 Os11g0214100 Similar to Histidine-rich glycoprotein precursor.
63.1 0.82 Os05g0195400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
63.5 0.81 Os02g0116700 Protein kinase-like domain containing protein.
63.6 0.61 Os09g0392800 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
63.6 0.76 Os03g0374900 Amino acid/polyamine transporter I family protein.
63.7 0.77 Os04g0109100 Concanavalin A-like lectin/glucanase domain containing protein.
64.2 0.77 Os05g0458400 Similar to AAA-metalloprotease FtsH.
64.3 0.78 Os03g0403600 von Willebrand factor, type A domain containing protein.
64.5 0.81 Os11g0168500 Similar to AP2 domain containing protein RAP2.6 (Fragment).
64.7 0.83 Os09g0416900 Armadillo-like helical domain containing protein.
64.7 0.80 Os04g0649400 Homeodomain-like containing protein.
64.8 0.81 Os05g0359500 Similar to RING-H2 finger protein ATL5C precursor.
66.2 0.81 Os03g0651800 Similar to Germin-like protein subfamily 2 member 1 precursor.
66.2 0.58 Os06g0725500 Protein of unknown function DUF241, plant family protein.
67.1 0.47 Os09g0559000 Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein.
67.3 0.76 Os12g0636600 Conserved hypothetical protein.
68.4 0.74 Os08g0564000 Similar to Phosphate transporter 6.
68.8 0.82 Os06g0200300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
69.2 0.71 Os01g0584700 Protein of unknown function DUF295 family protein.
69.6 0.70 Os02g0289700 Similar to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific (EC 1.2.1.12) (Spermatogenic cell-specific glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase-2) (GAPDH-2).
69.6 0.81 Os01g0330300 Peptidase C1A, papain family protein.
70.0 0.78 Os05g0128000 Homeodomain-like containing protein.
70.3 0.69 Os09g0483800 C2H2 type zinc finger transcription factor ZFP21.
72.4 0.79 Os10g0481000 Similar to Formin homology protein A.
73.9 0.78 Os11g0528700 Similar to Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.17 (EC 6.3.2.-) (Auxin- responsive GH3-like protein 17) (AtGH3-17).
74.1 0.82 Os12g0174300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
74.5 0.76 Os08g0530800 Hypothetical protein.
74.6 0.74 Os11g0179100 Plant disease resistance response protein family protein.
76.1 0.77 Os11g0645300 Plant disease resistance response protein family protein.
76.4 0.80 Os06g0150600 Transferase family protein.
76.5 0.69 Os11g0194400
76.9 0.72 Os07g0176400 Leucine-rich repeat, plant specific containing protein.
78.0 0.79 Os02g0547300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
78.0 0.63 Os04g0185600 Phosphate permease family protein.
78.8 0.57 Os04g0289500 Allergen V5/Tpx-1 related family protein.
79.8 0.69 Os01g0736100 UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferase family protein.
80.5 0.77 Os02g0296300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
81.7 0.71 Os01g0200600 Similar to Avr9/Cf-9 rapidly elicited protein 111A.
83.0 0.73 Os07g0682000 Heavy metal transport/detoxification protein domain containing protein.
83.7 0.71 Os02g0486500 Transferase family protein.
84.0 0.66 Os09g0401100 ABC transporter related domain containing protein.
84.6 0.63 Os05g0277000 Similar to Expansin Os-EXPA3.
84.7 0.81 Os05g0454400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
84.7 0.75 Os04g0393500 Glutaredoxin-like, plant II family protein.
84.8 0.78 Os04g0456200 Similar to TMV induced protein 1-2.
85.5 0.77 Os01g0567600 Similar to Monosaccharide transporter 3.
87.6 0.77 Os03g0259300 Tetratricopeptide-like helical domain containing protein.
87.9 0.80 Os04g0404000 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
88.0 0.76 Os01g0594700 FAD dependent oxidoreductase family protein.
88.4 0.77 Os06g0712600 Protein of unknown function DUF702 family protein.
88.5 0.65 Os07g0540600 Protein of unknown function DUF26 domain containing protein.
89.5 0.69 Os06g0332700 Tesmin/TSO1-like, CXC domain containing protein.
89.6 0.73 Os07g0108100 Peptidase C1A, papain family protein.
89.6 0.77 Os02g0191600 Eukaryotic transcription factor, DNA-binding domain containing protein.
89.8 0.77 Os08g0237800 Similar to Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (Fragment).
90.5 0.79 Os01g0217300 Peptidase C1A, papain family protein.
90.8 0.78 Os11g0423300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
92.0 0.67 Os03g0727000 Similar to Homeobox protein OSH1.
92.2 0.73 Os01g0577300 Similar to Transcriptional activator Rb homolog (Fragment).
93.0 0.78 Os01g0225600 Similar to Late embryogenesis abundant protein Lea14-A.
93.3 0.78 Os12g0424700 Protein kinase-like domain containing protein.
94.0 0.69 Os07g0277900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
94.1 0.78 Os08g0345100 Conserved hypothetical protein.
94.2 0.73 Os12g0159400 Hypothetical protein.
94.2 0.78 Os08g0527700 TGF-beta receptor, type I/II extracellular region family protein.
94.7 0.78 Os02g0195900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
95.7 0.72 Os11g0529800 Type III polyketide synthase family protein.
95.8 0.72 Os05g0474700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
95.9 0.75 Os01g0823000 Similar to Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP).
96.5 0.72 Os04g0461900 Hypothetical protein.
96.9 0.80 Os04g0451000 Conserved hypothetical protein.
98.3 0.76 Os08g0415600 U box domain containing protein.
98.5 0.72 Os02g0787000 Allergen V5/Tpx-1 related family protein.
99.0 0.59 Os11g0428800 Plastocyanin-like domain containing protein.
99.4 0.74 Os03g0363100 Armadillo-like helical domain containing protein.
99.7 0.67 Os06g0711700 Galactose oxidase, central domain containing protein.
100.4 0.68 Os05g0387600 Protein kinase-like domain containing protein.
101.0 0.79 Os03g0108700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
101.0 0.78 Os01g0621400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
101.2 0.77 Os07g0489500 Similar to Ubiquitin.
101.3 0.79 Os07g0693200 Similar to Pyruvate decarboxylase isozyme 3 (EC 4.1.1.1) (PDC).
101.3 0.77 Os09g0501100 Similar to 60S ribosomal protein L32A.
101.4 0.76 Os05g0459700 Beta-Ig-H3/fasciclin domain containing protein.
102.1 0.75 Os10g0147400 Similar to Auxin influx carrier protein.
102.2 0.77 Os01g0230800 Conserved hypothetical protein.
102.6 0.64 Os05g0401400 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
102.7 0.63 Os10g0197200 Similar to Transposase (Fragment).
102.9 0.63 Os04g0605100 WRKY transcription factor 68.
103.2 0.76 Os03g0246000
103.4 0.61 Os03g0292600 Conserved hypothetical protein.
104.2 0.76 Os01g0737600 3'-5' exonuclease domain containing protein.
104.7 0.70 Os02g0195700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
105.1 0.79 Os02g0641900 Similar to Myb7 protein (Fragment).
105.2 0.78 Os09g0433500
105.3 0.75 Os06g0530600 VQ domain containing protein.
105.3 0.74 Os12g0507700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
105.9 0.53 Os01g0818100 Non-protein coding transcript, putative npRNA.
106.3 0.70 Os03g0636700 IQ calmodulin-binding region domain containing protein.
106.4 0.72 Os08g0536200 Protein of unknown function DUF588 family protein.
106.7 0.57 Os01g0644200 Conserved hypothetical protein.
106.8 0.64 Os05g0120000 Similar to Stigma/style ABC transporter.
109.2 0.75 Os02g0104000 Conserved hypothetical protein.
109.2 0.77 Os09g0380300 Cytochrome P450 family protein.
109.4 0.72 Os09g0466900 Protein kinase-like domain containing protein.
109.5 0.66 Os03g0820300 Similar to ZPT2-14.
111.0 0.71 Os12g0236200 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
111.7 0.64 Os05g0370900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
111.7 0.65 Os11g0430000 Peptidase S10, serine carboxypeptidase family protein.
111.8 0.70 Os03g0418000 Similar to Basic endochitinase 2 precursor (EC 3.2.1.14).
113.1 0.75 Os06g0165300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
113.4 0.73 Os08g0165300 Hypothetical protein.
113.6 0.70 Os12g0514300 Protein of unknown function DUF588 family protein.
113.8 0.77 Os03g0167400 Protein of unknown function DUF620 family protein.
114.1 0.74 Os11g0701600 Glycoside hydrolase, family 18 protein.
114.3 0.76 Os05g0123000
114.3 0.59 Os02g0458900 Lipolytic enzyme, G-D-S-L family protein.
114.6 0.66 Os04g0595700 Phosphoribulokinase/uridine kinase family protein.
115.7 0.71 Os12g0591100
115.9 0.76 Os02g0203500 Disease resistance protein family protein.
115.9 0.64 Os02g0170300 Similar to MADS box protein ZMM17.
116.7 0.57 Os02g0724200 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
117.1 0.78 Os05g0435100 Protein of unknown function DUF1218 family protein.
117.8 0.70 Os03g0338800 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
118.3 0.76 Os07g0647200 Cytochrome P450 family protein.
118.8 0.65 Os08g0163600 Harpin-induced 1 domain containing protein.
119.7 0.75 Os12g0176600 SWIRM domain containing protein.
120.2 0.75 Os05g0151000 Similar to RNA polymerase II largest subunit (Fragment).
120.3 0.69 Os12g0441200 Conserved hypothetical protein.
121.0 0.77 Os12g0160000 Hypothetical protein.
121.2 0.68 Os01g0865700 U box domain containing protein.
121.7 0.76 Os09g0519100 Similar to BHLH transcription factor (Fragment).
122.2 0.59 Os08g0516900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
122.5 0.77 Os03g0294500 Homeodomain-like containing protein.
123.2 0.76 Os01g0356100
124.8 0.74 Os04g0444700 SAM (and some other nucleotide) binding motif domain containing protein.
125.1 0.74 Os03g0139300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
125.5 0.75 Os12g0157000 Conserved hypothetical protein.
126.5 0.73 Os10g0423600 TRAF-like domain containing protein.
128.4 0.70 Os01g0615500 ABC transporter related domain containing protein.
129.7 0.66 Os03g0731500 Similar to Major surface glycoprotein-like.
129.8 0.76 Os03g0648800 Glutaredoxin domain containing protein.
131.5 0.76 Os05g0197200 Germin family protein.
131.7 0.73 Os04g0527300 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
132.2 0.70 Os02g0666000 Conserved hypothetical protein.
132.2 0.72 Os04g0653600 Similar to AINTEGUMENTA-like protein.
133.4 0.75 Os04g0678900 Sugar transporter family protein.
134.3 0.76 Os03g0796100 Cyclin-like F-box domain containing protein.
134.4 0.71 Os04g0434500 ZF-HD homeobox protein Cys/His-rich dimerisation region domain containing protein.
135.3 0.55 Os08g0248300 Conserved hypothetical protein.
135.4 0.73 Os08g0459700 Similar to Adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphatase precursor.
138.9 0.72 Os06g0339800 Ribosomal protein L30, bacterial family protein.
140.2 0.70 Os04g0552000 Expansin/Lol pI family protein.
140.2 0.69 Os09g0465300 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
141.2 0.64 Os08g0550700 Similar to Auxin induced protein.
142.0 0.75 Os11g0701700 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
142.3 0.70 Os07g0439100 KH, type 1 domain containing protein.
144.6 0.71 Os05g0524200 Dual specificity protein phosphatase domain containing protein.
144.8 0.55 Os08g0366200 Protein of unknown function DUF1313 family protein.
145.3 0.75 Os05g0561900 Conserved hypothetical protein.
146.3 0.68 Os02g0528200 Branching enzyme-3 precursor (EC 2.4.1.18).
147.3 0.66 Os05g0437100
148.3 0.62 Os05g0351200 Pathogenesis-related transcriptional factor and ERF domain containing protein.
148.3 0.73 Os04g0653300 Aux/IAA_ARF_dimerisation domain containing protein.
148.8 0.75 Os05g0568300 Similar to 50S ribosomal protein L12, chloroplast precursor (CL12).
149.2 0.71 Os03g0432800
149.6 0.75 Os10g0162000 Non-protein coding transcript, uncharacterized transcript.
150.0 0.61 Os12g0467200 Protein of unknown function DUF1677, Oryza sativa family protein.
150.0 0.65 Os06g0221300 Similar to Dehydration stress-induced protein.
150.2 0.67 Os12g0641000 Similar to Actin 1.
151.0 0.59 Os01g0622400 Conserved hypothetical protein.
151.3 0.72 Os08g0451900 Zinc finger, RING-type domain containing protein.
151.7 0.67 Os08g0423500 Carbonic anhydrase, eukaryotic family protein.
152.0 0.44 Os07g0675200 Non-protein coding transcript, unclassifiable transcript.
152.2 0.75 Os02g0821500 Multi antimicrobial extrusion protein MatE family protein.
152.7 0.67 Os02g0168700 Peptidylprolyl isomerase, FKBP-type domain containing protein.
152.9 0.67 Os03g0693600 Similar to Indole-3-acetate beta-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.121) (IAA-Glu synthetase) ((Uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucose:indol-3-ylacetyl)-beta-D- glucosyl transferase).
154.3 0.57 Os01g0651400 Lipolytic enzyme, G-D-S-L family protein.
155.3 0.47 Os10g0424100 Similar to Zinc finger POZ domain protein (Fragment).
156.4 0.70 Os01g0601200 Similar to Ser Thr specific protein kinase-like protein.
157.0 0.67 Os04g0554600 Similar to RCc3 protein.
158.4 0.74 Os08g0514000 Concanavalin A-like lectin/glucanase domain containing protein.
159.0 0.51 Os04g0113000 Cyclin-like F-box domain containing protein.
160.3 0.39 Os03g0172400 Proteinase inhibitor I25A and I25B, type 2 and phytocystatins domain containing protein.
161.8 0.68 Os06g0685700 Similar to Auxin response factor 16.
162.1 0.65 Os04g0678000 Conserved hypothetical protein.
162.3 0.70 Os05g0353600 Glutaredoxin domain containing protein.
163.1 0.68 Os02g0728700 Conserved hypothetical protein.
163.6 0.73 Os07g0112100 Similar to Dimethylaniline monooxygenase-like protein.
164.8 0.74 Os02g0187000 Cytochrome P450 family protein.
164.9 0.70 Os04g0284900 Calmodulin-binding, plant family protein.
166.9 0.62 Os09g0530200 Similar to Endo-beta-1,4-glucanase precursor (EC 3.2.1.4).
167.0 0.72 Os03g0373300 Protein of unknown function DUF1110 family protein.
167.2 0.70 Os02g0548700 U box domain containing protein.
168.8 0.54 Os07g0267200 Conserved hypothetical protein.
168.9 0.62 Os10g0555300 Zinc finger, C2H2-type domain containing protein.
169.0 0.59 Os03g0589100 Conserved hypothetical protein.
169.4 0.68 Os03g0394800 Conserved hypothetical protein.
169.7 0.58 Os10g0399500 Zinc finger, CCHC-type domain containing protein.
172.6 0.66 Os09g0522100 Similar to C-repeat binding factor 3-like protein.
172.8 0.66 Os11g0108700 Similar to Laccase (Diphenol oxidase).